Marietta, Ohio Marietta, Ohio Downtown Marietta in July 2007, including the Muskingum River (foreground) and the Ohio River (background right) Downtown Marietta in July 2007, including the Muskingum River (foreground) and the Ohio River (background right) Location of Marietta in Ohio Location of Marietta in Ohio Location of Marietta in Washington County Location of Marietta in Washington County State Ohio The Muskingum River near its mouth in downtown Marietta in 2007 The French monument in Marietta, Ohio; replica of a 1749 plaque by which the French claimed the Ohio Country, and a memorial by the French government given in 1937 1938 amid the US celebration of the Northwest Territory to memorialize 23 men from Marietta College who served in 1917 in France as a volunteer ambulance corps in World War I.
Marietta is a town/city in and the governmental center of county of Washington County, Ohio, United States. positioned in southeastern Ohio at the mouth of the Muskingum River at its confluence with the Ohio River.
It is the second-largest town/city in the Parkersburg Marietta Vienna, West Virginia Ohio (part) Metropolitan Travel Destination with a populace of 14,085 at the 2010 census.
It is the site of the prehistoric Marietta Earthworks, a Hopewell complex more than 1,500 years old, whose Great Mound and other primary monuments were preserved by the earliest pioneer in parks such as the Mound Cemetery.
During 1788, pioneers to the Ohio Country established Marietta as the first permanent settlement of the new United States in the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio and titled it in honour of Marie Antoinette, Queen of France; Marietta being an affectionate nickname for the Queen.
According to the United States Enumeration Bureau, the town/city has a total region of 8.75 square miles (22.66 km2), of which 8.43 square miles (21.83 km2) is territory and 0.32 square miles (0.83 km2) is water. The Muskingum River and Duck Creek flow into the Ohio River at Marietta.
The region is part of the Appalachian Plateau which covers the easterly half of Ohio.
The region is inside the ecoregion of the Western Allegheny Plateau. This portion of the state is blessed with beautiful scenery and Ohio's most abundant mineral deposits. Succeeding Indian cultures lived along the Ohio River and its tributaries for thousands of years.
Between 100 BC and AD 500, the Hopewell culture assembled the multi-earthwork complex on the terrace east of the Muskingum River near its mouth with the Ohio.
French explorers entered this region in the 17th century, and in 1749 buried various leaden plates to mark their claim to the Ohio Country (which they called the Illinois Territory, as they had more settlements near the Mississippi River.) They later ceded their territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain after the French and Indian War.
Two of their plates were identified in the Marietta region in 1798, and one was replicated for what is known as the French monument, erected in the 20th century.
During the Revolutionary War, Washington told his friend General Rufus Putnam of the beauty he had seen in his travels through the Ohio Valley and of his ideas for settling the territory.
After the American Revolutionary War, the United States sold or granted large tracts of territory to stimulate evolution in this area.
Marietta was established by pioneer from New England who were investors in the Ohio Company of Associates. It was the first of various New England settlements in what was then the Northwest Territory. These New Englanders, or "Yankees" as they were called, were descended from the Puritan English colonists who had settled New England in the 1600s and were primarily Congregationalists.
In 1798 the Muskingum Academy was assembled on the site of the 19th century Marietta Congregationalist Church.
In the summer of 1781, John Carpenter assembled Carpenter's Fort, or Carpenter's Station as it was sometimes called, a fortified home above the mouth of Short Creek on the Ohio side of the Ohio River, near present-day Marietta. After the war, the newly formed United States had little cash but plenty of land.
The Ohio Company of Associates had supported provisions in the ordinance to allow veterans to use their warrants to purchase the land.
On April 7, 1788, 48 men of the Ohio Company of Associates, led by General Putnam, appeared at the confluence of the Muskingum and Ohio rivers.
Bringing with them the first government sanctioned by the US for this area, they established the first permanent United States settlement in the Northwest Territory. (Older European settlements in the Northwest Territory region include Sault Ste.
Marie, Michigan, 1668; Detroit, 1701; Prairie du Rocher, Illinois, 1720; and Vincennes, Indiana, 1732, all settled by ethnic French colonists from Canada.) The Americans titled Marietta with respect to Marie Antoinette, the Queen of France, who had aided the colonies in their battle for independence from Great Britain.
The latter immediately started assembly of two forts: Campus Martius, whose former site is now occupied by the exhibition of the same name, and Picketed Point Stockade, at the confluence of the Muskingum and Ohio rivers.
In 1789, the United States signed the Treaty of Fort Harmar with a several Indian tribes that occupied areas of the Northwest Territory, to settle issues related to trade, as well as the boundary between their lands and United States settlement.
The town had various abolitionists, and Ephraim Cutler was instrumental as a state delegate in 1802 at the state convention in swaying the vote for the state to be no-charge of slavery. It was used as a station on the Underground Railroad to help slaves escape from the South. Ohio University was established earlier in Athens, on territory reserved for enhance education under the Northwest Ordinance.
Marietta's locale on two primary navigable rivers made it ideal for trade and commerce.
An iron mill, along with a several foundries, provided rails for the burgeoning barns industry; the Marietta Chair Factory made furniture.
It was intended to connect from Belpre, Ohio, the next town downriver, to a prepared Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) spur to Parkersburg.
In 1851 developers changed the Ohio state end to Marietta and changed the name of the barns to the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad that year.
The right-of-way for an alternate connection to the B&O extended upriver from Marietta to Bellaire, Ohio.
In 1871, the Ohio Valley Railroad was formed and for the next two years assembled tracks going north for 103 miles.
The Ohio Valley barns was reorganized as the Marietta and Cleveland.
The Pennsylvania Railroad in its expansion later purchased the barns and its right-of-way between Marietta and Bellaire. With help from the B&O and the Baltimore City Council, the Union Railroad finally connected Marietta to Belpre, Ohio in 1860.
The prepared bridge from Parkersburg athwart the Ohio River to Belpre was finally assembled 1868 1870 by the B&O, as part of its chief line from Baltimore to St.
Louis, Missouri. This cut Marietta off from traffic and trade, although it retained small-town and Ohio service.
He also backed the Union Railroad and the Marietta, Columbus and Cleveland Railroad, among other small-town barns s.
Oil booms in 1875 and 1910 made investors rich, who constructed various lavish homes in town, of which many still stand. The Dawes brothers of Marietta established the Pure Oil Company.[when?] All four brothers became nationally prominent businessmen and/or politicians: Charles Gates Dawes, Rufus C.
As transit advanced along barns s and highways, Marietta was initially passed by.
But, the Pennsylvania Railroad period in the late 19th century and had a station in Marietta, running 26 daily trains between Marietta and Pittsburgh.
Marietta was mostly isolated from new travel routes until 1967, when I-77 was opened with close access to the city.
Before the United States entered the Great War, a group of 23 young men went from Marietta College to serve in French in 1917 as an ambulance unit; four died in battle.
In 1937 1938, amid the US celebration of the Northwest Territory, France gave a plaque to the town/city of Marietta, which was installed on the French monument, to memorialize these young men and their service.
In 1939, the Sons and Daughters of Pioneer Rivermen was established in Marietta amid the Great Depression to jubilate the city's substantial river history and its citizens .
Two years later the Ohio River Museum was opened.
Marietta is home of the longest-running ferromanganese refinery in North America, Eramet Marietta Industries Inc., the only ferromanganese refinery in the United States until recently, and prestige in Manganese emissions. The town/city of Marietta uses the mayor-council form of government.
He had served the first ward on the council and as the Marietta City Development Director.
City Council of Marietta, Ohio (2008 2010 term) With the retirements and electoral decisions, Marietta will have a council on which at least half of the eight Council positions will be held by new officeholders.
City of Marietta politics feature a number of people groups that influence policy and enhance opinion.
The inhabitants of the town/city of Marietta are represented by former Council-at-Large Republican Andy Thompson in the Ohio House of Representatives and Republican Jimmy Stewart in the Ohio Senate.
House of Representatives, Marietta is represented by Republican Bill Johnson.
Interstate 77 runs east of Marietta connecting it to Cleveland, Ohio to the north and Charleston, West Virginia to the south.
Five state routes run through Marietta.
These are; Ohio State Route 7, Ohio State Route 60, Ohio State Route 26, Ohio State Route 550, and Ohio State Route 676.
See also: Category:People from Marietta, Ohio Levi Barber, was a surveyor, court administrator, banker, and member of the Ohio House of Representatives, Fifteenth United States Congress, & Seventeenth United States Congress Bartlett, 19th Governor of Oklahoma, United States Senator John Brough, 26th Governor of Ohio, Member of the Ohio House of Representatives Clarke, oilman and Republican politician from Shreveport, Louisiana; born in Marietta in 1897 William Cutler, Member of the Ohio House of Representatives Nancy Hollister, 66th Governor of Ohio, Lieutenant Governor of Ohio, member of the Ohio House of Representatives Perley Brown Johnson, Member of the Ohio House of Representatives Loomis, 25th United States Assistant Secretary of State Return Jonathan Meigs, Jr., 4th Governor of Ohio and 5th United States Postmaster General William O'Neill, 59th Governor of Ohio, Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives, Associate & Chief Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court, Attorney General of the State of Ohio Since 1975, the Ohio River Sternwheel Festival has been held on the weekend after Labor Day in September.
2005 was the 30th anniversary of the event, which attracts dozens of Sternwheelers to the banks of the Ohio River near downtown Marietta.
The event includes Formula 2 and Formula 3 powerboat racing along the Ohio River.
Chief among them Marietta High School's Ralph Lindamood Memorial Regatta and the Marietta Invitational Regatta hosted by Marietta College, which brings some of the nation's quickest college rowing programs to the Muskingum River.
The race is run over a 3 3.5 mile course starting in Devola, Ohio and ending at Marietta College's Lindamood-Van Voorhis Boathouse.
The 2016 Ohio State of the State address was held at People's Bank Theater on April 6.
List of metros/cities and suburbs along the Ohio River Climate Summary for Marietta, Ohio a b c d "Marietta Earthworks", Ohio History Central, accessed 20 August 2012 a b c Lois Kimball Mathews, The Expansion of New England: The Spread of New England Settlement and Institutions to the Mississippi River, 1620 1865, page 175 Caldwell: History of Belmont and Jefferson Counties, Ohio, Historical Publishing Co., Wheeling, W.Va., 1880, p.
Julie Minot Overton, with Kay Ballantyne Hudson and Sunda Anderson Peters, eds.: Ohio Towns and Townships to 1900: A Location Guide, The Ohio Genealogical Society, Mansfield, Ohio: Penobscot Press, 2000, p.
P.: Pioneer History: Being an Account of the First Examinations of the Ohio Valley, and the Early Settlement of the Northwest Territory, H.
Hulbert, Archer Butler: The Records of the Original Proceedings of the Ohio Company, Volume I, Marietta Historical Commission, Marietta, Ohio (1917).
Hulbert, Archer Butler: The Records of the Original Proceedings of the Ohio Company, Volume II, Marietta Historical Commission, Marietta, Ohio (1917).
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, Parkersburg Bridge, Ohio River, Parkersburg, Wood County, WV, Historic American Engineering Record, accessed 22 August 2012 "Number of Inhabitants: Ohio" (PDF).
"Ohio: Population and Housing Unit Counts" (PDF).
Summers, Thomas J.: History of Marietta, The Leader Publishing Co., Marietta, Ohio (1903).
"Ohio Governor John Brough".
"Ohio Governor Nancy P.
"Ohio Governor Return Jonathan Meigs Jr.".
"Ohio Governor Crane William O'Neill".
"Ohio Governor George White".
"Katrina: Marietta's sister city".
Marietta Area Chamber of Commerce website Chris Sandford, "Marietta Earthworks", Links to articles and early maps, hosted on University of Ohio faculty website Municipalities and communities of Washington County, Ohio, United States Adams Aurelius Barlow Belpre Decatur Dunham Fairfield Fearing Grandview Independence Lawrence Liberty Ludlow Marietta Muskingum Newport Palmer Salem Warren Waterford Watertown Wesley
Categories:
Marietta, Ohio - Populated places established in 1788 - County seats in Ohio - Muskingum River - Former colonial and territorial capitals in the United States - Ohio populated places on the Ohio River - Cities in Washington County, Ohio - Populated places on the Underground Railroad - 1788 establishments in the Northwest Territory
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